서 론
1. 연구의 필요성
연구 방법
2. 연구대상
3. 연구도구
1) 대상자의 일반적, 임상적 특성
2) 욕창위험사정
3) 욕창
4. 자료 수집 및 윤리적 고려
5. 자료 분석
연구결과
1. 욕창 발생
2. 욕창 발생군과 비발생군의 일반적, 임상적 특성 비교
Table 1.
Characteristics | Categories |
No pressure ulcer group (n=183) |
Pressure ulcer group (n=32) |
χ2 or t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
n (%) or M±SD | |||||
|
|||||
Gender | Male | 54 (29.5) | 13 (40.6) | 1.57 | .210 |
Female | 129 (70.5) | 19 (59.4) | |||
Age (years) | 65-70 | 10 (5.5) | 2 (6.2) | - | .246† |
71-80 | 67 (36.6) | 7 (21.9) | |||
81-90 | 84 (45.9) | 16 (50.0) | |||
≥91 | 22 (12.0) | 7 (21.9) | |||
M±SD | 82.04±6.93 | 83.69±7.35 | -1.23 | .221 | |
Body weight (kg) | ≤40 | 14 (7.7) | 4 (12.5) | 1.14 | .767 |
41-50 | 50 (27.3) | 7 (21.9) | |||
51-60 | 66 (36.1) | 11 (34.4) | |||
≥61 | 53 (29.0) | 10 (31.3) | |||
M±SD | 55.15±10.74 | 54.56±12.70 | 0.28 | .782 | |
Alcohol drinking | No | 161 (88.0) | 31 (96.9) | - | .213† |
Yes | 22 (12.0) | 1 (3.1) | |||
Smoking | No | 156 (85.2) | 30 (93.8) | - | .267† |
Yes | 27 (14.8) | 2 (6.2) | |||
Urinary incontinence | No | 169 (92.5) | 31 (96.9) | - | .705† |
Yes | 14 (7.7) | 1 (3.1) | |||
Urination state | Diaper | 93 (50.8) | 16 (50.0) | 0.01 | .932 |
Catheter | 90 (49.2) | 16 (50.0) | |||
Fecal incontinence | No | 180 (98.4) | 30 (93.8) | - | .161† |
Yes | 3 (1.6) | 2 (6.2) | |||
Bowel habit | Abnormal | 49 (26.8) | 5 (15.6) | 0.80 | .180 |
Normal | 134 (73.2) | 27 (84.4) | |||
Duration from injury to admission (days, M±SD) | 2.82±6.10 | 3.09±7.90 | -0.19 | .852 | |
Duration from injury to operation (days, M±SD) | 5.58±6.57 | 5.97±9.53 | -0.22 | .828 | |
Duration from admission to operation (days, M±SD) | 2.77±2.36 | 2.88±2.98 | -0.23 | .816 | |
Length of hospitalization (days, M±SD) | 12.86±10.67 | 14.09±9.61 | -0.61 | .542 | |
Ambulation status before injury | Ambulation | 114 (62.3) | 13 (40.6) | - | .022† |
Assist device | 67 (36.6) | 17 (53.1) | |||
Bed rest | 2 (1.1) | 2 (6.3) |
3. 욕창 발생군과 비발생군의 수술관련 특성 비교
Table 2.
Characteristics | Categories |
No pressure ulcer group (n=183) |
Pressure ulcer Group (n=32) |
χ2 or t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
n (%) or M±SD | |||||
|
|||||
Pre-operation hemoglobin (g/dL) | ≤9.9 | 55 (30.0) | 14 (43.8) | 2.34 | .126 |
≥10 | 128 (70.0) | 18 (56.2) | |||
Pre-operation albumin (g/dL) | ≤2.9 | 60 (32.8) | 9 (28.1) | 0.27 | .602 |
≥3.0 | 123 (67.2) | 23 (71.9) | |||
Pre-operation CRP (mL/dL) | 0-0.5 | 51 (27.9) | 4 (12.5) | - | .079† |
>0.5 | 132 (72.1) | 28 (87.5) | |||
Post-operation hemoglobin (g/dL) | ≤9.9 | 71 (38.8) | 18 (56.2) | 3.42 | .064 |
≥10 | 112 (61.2) | 14 (43.8) | |||
Post-operation albumin (g/dL) | ≤2.9 | 150 (82.0) | 30 (93.8) | - | .121† |
≥3.0 | 33 (18.0) | 2 (6.2) | |||
Post-operation CRP (mL/dL) | 0-0.5 | 39 (21.3) | 7 (21.9) | 0.01 | .943 |
>0.5 | 144 (78.7) | 25 (78.1) | |||
Number of comorbidity | ≤2 | 85 (46.4) | 12 (37.5) | 1.83 | .401 |
3-4 | 86 (47.0) | 16 (60.0) | |||
≥5 | 12 (6.6) | 4 (12.5) | |||
Self medication | No | 15 (8.2) | 3 (9.4) | - | .736† |
Yes | 168 (91.8) | 29 (90.6) | |||
Type of fracture | Femur neck | 95 (51.9) | 8 (25.0) | - | .009† |
Intertrochanter | 86 (47.0) | 23 (71.9) | |||
Subtrochanter | 2 (1.1) | 1 (3.1) | |||
Type of operation | Arthroplasty | 75 (41.0) | 7 (21.9) | 4.48 | .106 |
Internal fixation | 101 (55.2) | 24 (75.0) | |||
Others | 7 (3.8) | 1 (3.1) | |||
Type of anesthesia | General | 114 (62.3) | 13 (40.6) | 5.29 | .021 |
Spine | 69 (37.7) | 19 (59.4) | |||
Operation duration (min) | M±SD | 143.07±36.51 | 152.91±34.22 | -1.42 | .158 |
ICU stay after operation | No | 147 (80.3) | 17 (53.1) | 11.14 | .001 |
Yes | 36 (19.7) | 15 (46.9) | |||
Braden scale score | M±SD | 15.87±1.66 | 16.03±1.91 | -0.48 | .630 |
Pain | No | 4 (2.2) | 2 (6.2) | - | .219† |
Yes | 179 (97.8) | 30 (93.8) | |||
M±SD | 2.43±1.41 | 2.63±1.70 | -0.71 | .477 |